Silicon (Si) single crystal is a chemical inert material ,which is with high hardness and insoluble in water. It has good transmittance at 1 to 7um wavelength. At the same time, it also has good transmittance in the far-infrared wavelengths 300-300μm, which unique compare with other infrared optical materials.Silicon (Si) is usually used in the 3 to 5um middle wave infrared optical window and the optical filter substrate. The material has good thermal conductivity and Low density, which is also commonly used for making laser mirrors.
Features of Silicon Window
High Transmittance:
Silicon windows exhibit excellent light transmission in the 1-7μm wavelength range, particularly excelling in the mid-wave infrared optical window of 3-5μm.
Low Density and Hardness:
Silicon has a relatively low density (2.329 g/cm³), which is about half that of germanium or zinc selenide, making it highly suitable for weight-sensitive applications. Additionally, silicon has a high hardness, with a Knoop hardness of 1150, making it harder and less prone to cracking compared to germanium.
Excellent Chemical Stability:
Silicon materials possess excellent chemical stability, capable of resisting corrosion from various chemical substances, making them suitable for use in complex environments.
Good Thermal Conductivity:
Silicon materials have good thermal conductivity, which makes them perform well in applications requiring rapid heat dissipation.
Custom Processing Capability:
Single-crystal silicon windows can be custom processed according to customer requirements to meet specific needs.
| Specifications | Commercial spec. | High precision spec. |
| Dimension | 5mm~350mm | |
| Dimension tolerance | ±0.1mm | ±0.05mm |
| Focal length tolerance | ±2% | ±1% |
| Surface quality | 60/40 | 40/20 |
| Centration | < 3 arc min | <1arc min |
| Surface figure | 3λ | 2λ |
| Surface irregularity | 1/4λ | 1/10λ |
| Clear aperture | >85% of dim | >90% of dim |
| Bevel | <0.2mm x 45deg | <0.1mm x 45deg |
| Coating | Up on clients’ request | |
Research Field:
In scientific experiments and research, silicon windows are often used as optical windows. Their high transmittance and stability make them ideal optical components, playing a crucial role especially in laser experiments and spectroscopic analysis.
Industrial Inspection: In the field of industrial inspection, silicon windows can work stably for long periods in harsh industrial environments due to their high heat resistance and chemical stability, providing accurate and reliable data support for industrial inspections.
Infrared and Ultraviolet Applications:
Silicon windows are suitable for infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy applications, commonly used in infrared imaging, terahertz imaging, medical, and military fields. They have a transmission range of 1.2-8.0μm, with high thermal conductivity and good light transmission performance.
Laser and Imaging:
Silicon windows are also widely used in fields such as laser, imaging, detection, temperature measurement, and sensing. They are particularly common as substrates for mid-wave infrared optical windows and optical filters in the 3-5μm range.
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